People in Malawi are buying life-saving antiretroviral drugs meant for people living with HIV, and misusing them to brew gin as well as fattening livestock.
Some brewers who are fermenting maize husks in the antiretroviral drugs (ARVs) to produce a traditional gin known as kachasu claim the resulting gin is very strong and matures quickly.
There are also some small-scale commercial chicken and pig farmers misusing ARVs, adding them to broiler feed believing it will enhance weight gain so they can sell them quicker.
The farmers’ activity has resulted from their observations made of people living with HIV who gain weight as their health improves once they are on the medication.
The appalling revelations were made in Malawi’s Weekend Nation newspaper report of 16 August and it is believed that some people were arrested as a result.
According to the paper, one bottle of gin is selling at Malawi Kwacha 3,500 (US$8.40) and business is brisk in the southern region districts of Thyolo and Mulanje which have the highest numbers of people living with HIV.
John Kapito, renowned human rights activist and executive director of the Consumer Association of Malawi (CAMA), described the misuse as worrisome and disappointing.
“This is very unfortunate. Apart from threatening people’s lives, it also shows that there is a breakdown in the security of drugs in our hospitals,” said Kapito.
He called upon the government to empower communities to ensure hospital staff do not abuse their positions and misuse government resources.
An audit of Global Fund grants to Malawi by the Office of Inspector General in 2010 identified US$3.9 million in ineligible and unsupported expenditure. The country has been refunding the Global Fund since 2012 with US$500,000 paid in October 2012, and a further US$937,905 in April 2013. This has negatively affected the national response to HIV, particularly in terms of scaling up prevention and treatment.
Kapito said: “It is surprising that at a time when the country is experiencing drug shortages, someone is selling the little that we have. What message are these people sending out there?”
Kapito is calling on the government to take action against the culprits involved in this business saying they should make sure drugs in public hospitals are kept secure.
He urged the public to tip off the police with any information that may lead to the arrest of the culprits.
Billy Banda, executive director of Malawi Watch, criticised the government for its lack of interest in dealing with drug theft. Banda wants the government to punish pharmacists who divert drugs for sale.
Currently Malawi is struggling to sustain and increase the number of patients taking ARVs due to financial resources.
Since 1985, when the first case of HIV was discovered in Malawi, HIV prevalence has been declining and stabilising.